Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Pelvic organs refer to the organs sitting in the pelvis, namely the bladder, uterus / vagina & rectum.

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) refers to the protrusion of any pelvic organ out of the vagina. A woman with POP experiences sensation of a lump protruding out of her vagina. However, she will not be able to differentiate which of the pelvic organs (bladder, uterus, vagina or rectum) is prolapsing out. A gynaecologist / urogynaecologist will need to do a vaginal examination to ascertain the type and severity of the prolapse. Bladder prolapse is called Cystocoele. Rectal prolapse is called Rectocoele. Severe degrees of POP can affect urination or defaecation.

Causes of POP are multifactorial such as pregnancy & childbirth, menopause, obesity, pelvic tumours, heavy lifting, etc.

Management for minor POP can be pelvic floor exercise. For severe cases of POP, ring pessaries or surgery is advised.

Regular Pelvic Floor Exercise / NeoVaginal Laser may help in prevention of POP before it occurs.